/
LATENT REFERENCES / TAG3

Embodiment: Shaun Gallagher

This reference note belongs to Tag3 in Latent References, an archive curated by Keigo Yoshida. Its archive region is Media art timeline. The note preserves its source text and links so that readers can trace the material behind the 3D map.

Collection
Tag3
Archive region
Media art timeline

Archived reference note

English translation of the archived note. JP shows the original text. Source links and literal code are retained; the translation does not update or independently verify the source claims.

“Embodiment,” “4E,” and “Galla (Shaun Gallagher)” are central concepts in contemporary cognitive science and philosophy of mind. They express the idea that the body and environment, as well as the brain, play indispensable roles in cognitive processes. [1, 2] “4E cognition,” proposed and organized by Shaun Gallagher, regards cognition through an approach composed of 4 “E”s: [1] Embodied: the idea that cognition is deeply rooted in bodily structure and sensorimotor functions, not only within the brain. [1, 2, 3] Embedded: Our cognition is “embedded” in physical and social environments and cannot function without interacting with them. [1, 2] Extended: The view that external environments such as tools, smartphones, and notebooks also extend functions and abilities as parts of cognitive processes. [1, 2] Enacted / Enactive: The idea that cognition and perception are not passive information processing but “action” itself, actively engaging the environment.

Source updated 2026-07-22 · Snapshot 2026-10-08